In this article, I shall read summary explanation of Indian Civilization and Culture in Hindi and English. Which has been written by Mahatma Gandhi.
1. Indian civilization and culture
Indian Civilization and Culture is an extract, which has been written by Mahatma Gandhi. Mahatma Gandhi was born on 2nd October, 1869 in Porbandar, Gujrat. He popularly known as Bapu or the Father of the Nation. His autobiography is My Experiment with Truth. He died at the hands of a fanatic on 30 January, 1948. The period from 1915 to 1948 is called Gandhi age. In this extract, Gandhijee described about the feature of Indian Civilization.
भारतीय सभ्यता और संस्कृति एक उद्धरण है, जिसे महात्मा गाँधी के द्वारा लिखा गया है। महात्मा गाँधी का जन्म 2 अक्टूबर 1869 पोरबंदर गुजरात में हुआ था। उन्हें बापू या राष्ट्रपिता के नाम से जाना जाता है। उनकी आत्मकथा सत्य के साथ मेरे प्रयोग हैं। उन्हें 30 जनवरी 1948 को एक कट्टर के हाथों मार दिया गया।1915 से 1948 ई. तक के काल को गाँधी युग के नाम से जाना जाता है।
Gandhijee says that no other civilization in the world can be compared with Indian Civilization. Indian Civilization cannot be defeated in the world because we are following the path that our ancestors made for us. He says that the ancient civilization of Rome, Greece, China, Egypt and Pharaohs went, but Indian Civilization is still secure. India remains immovable and that is her glory.
दुनिया की कोई भी सभ्यता भारत की सभ्यता से तुलना नहीं कर सकती है। दुनिया में भारतीय सभ्यता को हराया नहीं जा सकता क्योंकि हमलोग अपने पूर्वजों के द्वारा बनाए हुए रास्ते पर चलते हैं। यूनान, रोम, मिश्र, चीन और फारस की प्राचीन सभ्यता समाप्त हो गई लेकिन भारतीय सभ्यता अब तक सुरक्षित है।
Civilization is that mode of conduct which points out to man the path of duty and teaches us to uphold moral principles. He says that Indian civilization is based on good conduct.
सभ्यता आचरण का वह तरीका है जो मनुष्य को कर्तव्य का मार्ग बताता है और हमें नैतिक सिद्धांतों को बनाए रखना सिखाता है। वह कहते हैं कि भारतीय सभ्यता अच्छे आचरण पर आधारित है।
Gandhijee says that mind is a restless bird, the more it gets the more it wants and still remains unsatisfied.
गाँधी जी कहते हैं कि दिमाग एक बेचैन चिड़ियाँ है, यह जितना ही पाता है, उतना हि चाहता है और फिर भी असंतुष्ट रहता है।
According to Gandhijee, a man is happy because he is rich, or unhappy because he is poor. The rich are often unhappy. Our civilization does not depend on multiplying our wants. But upon restricting wants self-denial.
गाँधी जी के अनुसार, एक आदमी खुश है क्योंकि वह धनी है, या दु:खी है क्योंकि वह गरीब है। अमीर लोग अक्सर दु:खी होते हैं। हमारी सभ्यता हमारी आवश्यकताओं को बढ़ाने पर निर्भर नहीं करती है। बल्कि आत्म-बलिदान पर बल देती है।
He says that the base of Indian Civilization is ‘Simple living and high thinking’. Our ancestors followed the principle and lived a happy life. They did not run behind money and that is why they were satisfied.
वह कहते हैं कि भारतीय सभ्यता का आधार ‘सादा जीवन और उच्च’ सोच है। हमारे पूर्वज सिद्धांतों पर चले और खुश जीवन जीए। वे पैसों के पिछे नहीं दौड़ें और यहीं कारण है कि वे संतुष्ट रहे।
Gandhijee says that world famous Attic civilization of Greece is no more and Gibbon Civilization of Itly is also no more.
गाँधी जी कहते हैं कि विश्व प्रसिद्ध यूनान का एटिक सभ्यता और इटली का गिबोन सभ्यता अब नहीं है।
Thus, Indian Civilization is the most vital and the longest surviving of all civilization in the world. So, Indian Civilization can teach the world.
इस प्रकार, भारतीय सभ्यता दुनिया की सभी सभ्यताओं में सबसे महत्वपूर्ण और सबसे लंबे समय तक जीवित रहने वाली सभ्यता है। इसलिए, भारतीय सभ्यता दुनिया को सिखा सकती है।
At last, Gandhi Jee says that we should not adopt modern civilization because modern civilization is based on worship of the material.
अंत में, गाँधीजी कहते हैं कि हमें आधुनिक सभ्यता नहीं अपनाना चाहिए क्योंकि आधुनिक सभ्यता वस्तुओं की पुजा पर आधारित होती है।
Indian Civilization and Culture Summary Explantion in Hindi & English
1. Indian Civilization and Culture Objective Questions
Q 1. The Gujarati equivalent for civilization means
(A) Bad conduct
(B) intelligent conduct
(C) good cunduct
(D) delightful cunduct
Ans- (C) good cunduct
Q 2.civilization is that mode of cunduct which point out to man the path of duty is from
(A) Indian civilization and culture
(B) A Child is Born
(C) A Marriage proposal
(D) Bhart is My Home
Ans-(A) ) Indian civilization and culture
Q 3. ………. were rulers of Eqypt.
(A) Americas
(B) Africas
(C) Indians
(D) Pharaons
Ans-(D) Pharaons
Q 4.India remains ommovable that is her
(A) Independence
(B) glory
(C) honesty
(D) power
Ans- (B) glory
Q 5. Some of the immediate and brilliant result of modern inventions are too meddening to resist is from
(A) Bhart is My Home
(B) A pinch of Snuff
(C) Indian civilization and culture
(D) Ideas That Have Helped Mankind
Ans- (C) Indian civilization and culture
Q 6. Why domonated Indian politics from 1915 to 1948 .
(A) J.L Nehru
(B) Sardar Patel
(C) M. Gandhi
(D) S.C. Boss
Ans- (C) M. Gandhi
Q 7.Simple living and high thinking is the base of …..
(A) Iranian civilization
(B) Indian civilization
(C) American civilization
(D) European Civilization
Ans- (B) Indian civilization
Q 8. Who wrote Indian civilization and culture .
(A) Mahatma Gandhi
(B) Jawahar Lal Nehru
(C) Zakir Husain
(D) H E Bates
Ans- (A) Mahatma Gandhi
Q 9. …… prefers spiritualism to materialism.
(A) Dr. Zakir Hussain
(B) M. Gandhi
(C) Dr. Rajendra Pd.
(D) Indira Gandhi
Ans- (B) ) M. Gandhi
Q 10. In no part of the world, and under no civilization, have all men attained perfection’ is from:
(A) I Have a Dream
(B) Indian civilization and culture .
(C) Bhart is My Home
(D) The Earth
Ans- (A) Indian civilization and culture .
Q 11. The word famous Attic civilization is in …….
(A) Greece
(B) Italy
(C) Spain
(D) Portugal
Ans- (A) Greece
Q 12. Our ancestors enjoyed ……. Rule
(A) Nice
(B) Society
(C) Home
(D) Nation
Ans- (C) Home
Q 13. Our forefathrs did not invent machinery because
(A) they knew we would become slave
(B) they knew we world be happy
(C) they did not like to see us comfortable.
(D) they were jealous of us.
Ans- (A) they knew we would become slave
Q 14. ‘After all, there is something in Hindusim that has kept it alive up till now’ I from
(A) The Earth
(B) Indian civilization and culture .
(C) Bhart is My Home
(D) I Have a Dream
Ans- (B) Indian civilization and culture
Q 15. …….. were satisfied with small villages.
(A) Old people
(B) Our ancestors
(C) youth
(D) Adults
Ans- (B) Our ancestors
Q 16. ‘We notice that the mind is a restless bird, the more it gets, the more it want …… is from.
(A) A pinch of Snuff
(B) Indian civilization and culture .
(C) Bhart is My Home
(D) How free is the Press
Ans- (B) Indian civilization and culture
Q 17. civilization has taught u to be more ……. with with each other.
(A) jealous
(B) sad
(C) friendly
(D) competitive
Ans- (B) sad
Q 18. Who used truth and non-violence as the chief weapons against the British rule in Inia ?
(A) M. Gandhi
(B) J.L Nehru
(C) Sardar Patel
(D) S.C Boss
Ans- (A) M. Gandhi
Q 19. Gandhi went to Champaran in ……..
(A) 1917
(B) 1916
(C) 1918
(D) 1915
Ans- (A) 1917
Q 20. European civilization will mean ……… for India.
(A) want
(B) living
(C) real
(D) ruin
Ans- (D) ruin
Q 21. Has civilization taught us to be more …….. towards one another.
(A) enemy
(B) angry
(C) upset
(D) friendly
Ans- (D) friendly
Q 22. ….. viewed large cities as snares and useless encum brances.
(A) Romans
(B) Italians
(C) Germans
(D) Our ancestors
Ans- (D) Our ancestors
Q 23. ……were satisfied with small villages.
(A) Romans
(B) our anmcesrors
(C) Italians
(D) Germans
Ans- (B) our anmcesrors
Q 24. The invention of ……… is the turning point in our development.
(A) Light
(B) Fire
(C) Thunder
(D) Weapons
Ans- (B) Fore
Q 25. ‘A certain degree of physical harmony and comfort is necessary ….. is from :
(A) Indian civilization and culture
(B) The Artist
(C) A pinch of Snuyff
(D) Bhart is My Home
Ans- (A) Indian civilization and culture
Q 26. India’s glory is that its civilization has remained…….
(A) movable
(B) ignorant
(C) immovble
(D) uncivilized
Ans- (C) immovble
Q 27. Our ancestors enjoyed true …. Rule.
(A) Nice
(B) Society
(C) Home
(D) Nation
Ans- (C) Home
Q 28. …… is dead against blind imitation of western civilization.
(A) Gandhijee
(B) Nehru
(C) patel
(D) Ambedkar
Ans- (A) Gandhijee
Q 29.The oeople of Europe are inspired by ….. and Roman writers.
(A) Greek
(B) British
(C) Indian
(D) German
Ans- (A) Greek
Q 30. Pharaohs were rulers of ancient ……
(A) Egypt
(B) Russia
(C) India
(D) Greece
Ans- (A) Egypt
Q 31. civilization is the state of development of a ……..
(A) people
(B) animal
(C) bird
(D) non-living thing
Ans- (A) people
Q 32. Indian glory is that it is
(A) movable
(B) immovable
(C) ignorant
(D) uncivilised
Ans- (B) immovable
Q 33. …… was a spiritual leader than a politician.
(A) Jawahar Lal Nehru
(B) Sardar Patel
(C) S. C. Boss
(D) Mahatma Gandhi
Ans- (D) Mahatma Gandhi
Q 34. …… is known as the Father of a Nation or Bapu.
(A) (A) Mahatma Gandhi
(B) Jawahar Lal Nehru
(C) Sardar Patel
(D) Lal Bahadur Shashtri
Ans- (A) Mahatma Gandhi
Q 35. ‘My Experiments with Truth’ was written by …..
(A) Maulane Abul Kalam Azadd
(B) J.L. Nehru
(C) Sardar Patel
(D) Mahatma Gandhi
Ans- (D) Mahatma Gandhi
Q 36. Gandhijee says, ‘Nothing can equal the seeds sown by our …..
(A) politicians
(B) saints
(C) ancestors
(D) farmers
Ans- (C) ancestors
Q 37. ‘The more indulge in our passions, the more unbridled they become’ – is from :
(A) I Have a Dream
(B) India Rhrough a Travller’s Eye
(C) The Artist
(D) Indian civilization and culture
Ans- (D) Indian civilization and culture
Q 38. The common people lived independently and enjoyed …….
(A) Home Rule
(B) king Rule
(C) Brutish Rule
(D) Mughal Rule
Ans- (A) Home Rule
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